We all know that religion has a history of violence... fact is atheism does too, look at Russia before the fall of communism when they declared Atheism not the national religion, but the only scientific fact. I guess they didn't count it as a religion even though it takes faith, and the followers seem so vehement when told about anyone's religious beliefs. I wanted to do a blog that was pretty much just strait verses from Holy Books, since comparatively they are all pretty angry. I guess I can throw in some real life stories from now and past. I've already shown some of the history, such as the Crusades, and Constantine's dislike of the Pagans, and of course some of the Muslim community has always had a problem with Christians. Seems to me that the Jews are the most peaceful religion, my research may prove me wrong, if you have info let me know.
Actual stories of religious violence in the present.
I'll start with 9/11, call it an inside job, but I don't really want to hear it. The same people calling it an inside job by President Bush are the people saying he was a retard. No retard masterminded 9/11. No one in congress was laughing, and it just made their jobs harder. Sure some people say they just wanted a war of distraction, but the government knew it would hurt their popularity. In life as in football, the best defense is a good offence.
I think the reasoning behind it was this... lets remember that I was 16 when this happened, and I don't remember their actual logic... I was just reading the last few books of the Quran. It says specifically that if you are rich, instead of counting your money, you should give it to the poor. Basically if you are rich, and you aren't spreading it around Allah dislikes it. I'm not downing Islam, but lets face it, Socialism is the way for them. I do stand behind this in that if you are rich you should feel a draw on your heart to give. I however do not think that the government should take, but things don't work like they should, people don't ALL have the draw to give, so the government takes because they have to fund themselves, but I know someone who makes 120,000 a year, one third of her money was going in taxes, I believe that is too much. I believe that the Muslims who believe in the external Jihad wanted to take us down, I never doubted that. They believe Allah told them to do it, but then again pretty much everyone hates America, there are Muslims who want peace, and there are those who would like to forcefully convert or kill everyone else, they fight each other too.
Next example can be Ireland. Two bands have songs about this conflict... Zombie, and Sunday bloody Sunday. I had to research this, as I've said before history, politics, and religion are new areas of interest to me. (So any attacks on my knowledge base will be well met, I don't claim to know everything). As I understand it, Northern Ireland didn't exist until 1920, when the British Government divided Ireland. Before that the north and south had been divided not only geographically, but economically too. In the 1800s the Catholics had a generally low standard of living, while the protestants enjoyed relative wealth. In the south, even after England separated them the Catholics continues to want complete independence. Armed conflict subsided after that agreement, but in the 1960s it started up again. It continued into the 90s and was referred to as "The Troubles". It was considered terrorism, and that was between Christians, just different types, which confuses me a little. Same Bible, why so much hate? It just goes to show that Holy Books can be interpreted 20 different ways. This includes the Quran, for those who say it preaches violence and only violence, I just finished it and that's not what I gleaned from it at all. Safe to say that Christianity is a religion of violence too, whether you like it or not.
I have a few other examples... Jerusalem and Palestine, The shootings at Ft. Hood, Current persecution of Muslims in the US... the list goes on and on, and no one is perfect. I don't understand why some of the Christians I know fail to see that we are at fault too, everyone is.
Okay, for some scripture from the Holy Books of the big 3 Abrahamic faiths. If the quote is from the Bible and the Torah, since they are partially the same thing I'll just put both.
The problem with the Quran is this... verse from the Internet taken out of context..."Slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, arrest them, besiege them, and lie in ambush everywhere for them," Allah instructs the Prophet Muhammad (Quran, 9:5)
When reading this the verses before and after show that the book is talking about idolaters or polytheists who they had a treaty with who broke the treaty, so basically treason. Violent yes, without provocation no. The rest of these will be out of context, I suggest you look them up.
Bible
2 John
9 Whosoever transgresseth, and abideth not in the doctrine of Christ, hath not God. He that abideth in the doctrine of Christ, he hath both the Father and the Son.
10 If there come any unto you, and bring not this doctrine, receive him not into your house, neither bid him God speed:
Titus 1
1:10 For there are many unruly and vain talkers and deceivers, specially they of the circumcision:(Jews)
1:11 Whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for filthy lucre's sake.
1 Thessalonnians 2
Judaea are in Christ Jesus: for ye also have suffered like things of your own countrymen, even as they have of the Jews:
2:15 Who both killed the Lord Jesus, and their own prophets, and have persecuted us; and they please not God, and are contrary to all men:
Matthew 10
10:21 And the brother shall deliver up the brother to death, and the father the child: and the children shall rise up against their parents, and cause them to be put to death.
10:22 And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be saved.
10:23 But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another: for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come.
Bible/Torah
Exodus 23
23:24 Thou shalt not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do after their works: but thou shalt utterly overthrow them, and quite break down their images.
Exodus 31
31:14 Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that defileth it shall surely be put to death: for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people
Leviticus 20
20:9 For every one that curseth his father or his mother shall be surely put to death: he hath cursed his father or his mother; his blood shall be upon him.
Leviticus 24
24:16 And he that blasphemeth the name of the LORD, he shall surely be put to death, and all the congregation shall certainly stone him: as well the stranger, as he that is born in the land, when he blasphemeth the name of the Lord, shall be put to death
Quran
Quran (66:9) - "O Prophet! Strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites, and be stern with them. Hell will be their home, a hapless journey's end."
Quran (9:123) - "O you who believe! fight those of the unbelievers who are near to you and let them find in you hardness."
Quran (40:22) - "That was because their messengers kept bringing them clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty) but they disbelieved; so Allah seized them. Lo! He is Strong, severe in punishment."
Quran (2:10) - "In their hearts is a disease, and Allah increaseth their disease. A painful doom is theirs because they lie."
*Try as I might I can't find anything in the Quran about the Muslims beheading, stoning, or otherwise hurting non-believers, infidels, whatever (except when talking about people who invade their lands, or stories in the book of a historical nature). I know people keep saying it, but I read the whole darn thing, and it just isn't in there. There is a lot about non-believers burning in hell, but that isn't really the same thing. I haven't read the Sunni or some other Muslim texts, but from what I hear the Quran is considered a stand alone book like the Bible.*
In church today we learned some about the Lord's Supper and Baptism, my preacher is very theologically minded, and has agreed to meet with me and answer my questions. Since there are so many questions I have about my religion I hope he doesn't get overwhelmed. My Dad is going to talk to me too, he is a music minister, but also very into history and logic, I think he will have a very moderate but intelligent perspective. If anyone has any questions that they want answered let me know... A few people who read this tend to ask questions in an almost mocking way (I believe you know who you are) I know you don't mean it that way, but if you do have questions that I may be able to get answered try to word them as nice as possible. I do want to add that I'm still Christian, I do believe that Jesus in necessary in my life, he is like one of my oldest friends, if anyone would ever like to talk to me about that shoot me an e-mail.
Showing posts with label Catholic. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Catholic. Show all posts
Sunday, December 11, 2011
Monday, December 5, 2011
Law and Order... Bump Bump
Sharia Law (meaning path in Arabic)
These words seem to have become synonymous with evil in our society. What people don't understand is that other religions, and cultures on American soil sometimes have their own laws and courts. Oklahoma recently ran into some trouble by banning Sharia Law, what they didn't realize is that this new rule prevented sovereign Indian reservations from operating their system of law. What confuses me is why people are so fearful of Sharia Law, yet they know nothing of Canon Law or Halakha Law, if you are going to fear one, you should really fear all three.
Sharia Law is the system of law and punishment meant to govern the Islamic religion. It is not only for middle easterners, but also the many Muslims of other nationalities, including the many white American Muslims on our own soil. It has been mutilated and made into something sickening by regional laws, such as that of the Taliban, but the actual rules aren't any worse than something strait out of the Bible. Don't let the zealots from the middle east confuse you, the actual rules of Sharia are a lot like Mosaic law. In many Muslim countries, and here, Sharia is only for inter community disputes. In the Quran it says that there should always be a separation of church and state, and also no compulsion in religion (I have personally read the Quran, so don't tell to go read it).
The laws govern worship, contracts, morals, manners, beliefs, and punishments. A lot of Sharia Law is basically about the necessity of pilgrimage and prayer, it also goes in depth about inheritances and marital dowry's. Marriage is also a big section of Sharia, most of the rules are like that of the Bible, no adultery, no sex outside of marriage, you are supposed to marry someone of your own religion (these things are also stated in the New Testament of the Bible). A lot of it is just common sense, basically, have good morals, treat others right, and so on.
Sharia Law empathises cleanliness, you are supposed to be physically clean when you pray, so that you can become spiritually clean. This is also part of Mosaic law in the Old Testament. Fasting is covered in the laws, like during the month of Ramadan, you fast from food, drink, and sex from dawn till dusk. (Pregnant women, nursing women, prepubescent children, and sick people don't have to fast).
Polygamy is allowed if there is more women than men in the area who need to be supported, but one of the laws in the Quran is to follow the law of the land you live in, so this isn't allowed in many areas. Divorce is allowed under certain circumstances, as is remarriage.
One of the things that westerners fear about Sharia is the punishments. Sharia law is very strict, and many things are punishable by death under this set of laws, but if you read the Bible you will find that punishments are usually swift and severe under Mosaic and New Testament law. The death sentence is used, and works pretty well as a deterrent.
From a link In sharia, there are categories of offenses: those that are prescribed a specific punishment in the Quran, known as hadd punishments, those that fall under a judge's discretion, and those resolved through a tit-for-tat measure (ie., blood money paid to the family of a murder victim). There are five hadd crimes: unlawful sexual intercourse (sex outside of marriage and adultery), false accusation of unlawful sexual intercourse, wine drinking (sometimes extended to include all alcohol drinking), theft, and highway robbery. Punishments for hadd offenses--flogging, stoning, amputation, exile, or execution--get a significant amount of media attention when they occur. These sentences are not often prescribed, however. "In reality, most Muslim countries do not use traditional classical Islamic punishments," says Ali Mazrui of the Institute of Global Cultural Studies in a Voice of America interview. These punishments remain on the books in some countries but lesser penalties are often considered sufficient
http://www.cfr.org/religion/islam-governing-under-sharia/p8034
However honor killings are against the holy law of the Quran. Also laws for sexual indiscretion are the same for male and female. It is purely the regional acts of countries like Pakistan and Jordan that have so thoroughly terrified Americans.
I understand that people tend to twist things the way they want them to be, Muslims do it and so do we. I am not saying that I think Sharia law should be allowed to govern our country, a separation of church and state is a must have. I'm saying that you should do more actual research before you look at a girl with a scarf on her head and feel pity for her, she has chosen her own way, at least she has in this country, of course we should pray for women in other countries who aren't allowed to make these decisions. I just hope that people can come to understand that you shouldn't believe everything you are told, it is almost impossible to find an actual FACT on the internet, don't hate just because people tell you to.
Halakha Law (the path that one walks in Hebrew)
The Torah (and some Rabbinical laws, also laws from the Mishna and Talmud) is the basis for Halakha law, it is based on God's covenant law. Jewish citizens are only bound to Halakha law by their own consent, this differs from Cannon and Sharia law. Currently in Israel certain areas are under the authority of Rabbinic law which is much the same of Halakha law. In the U.S. it is sometimes used to cover inter community disputes. Here in Texas we don't hear much about this, Judaism doesn't seem to be very popular in south, so we had to do a lot of research, I couldn't seem to find a real Jew to ask about this stuff.
Another difference between these 3 systems are that Canon and Sharia are only for the followers of their religion. Halakha law is actually meant to be universal, or for everyone who survived the flood (meaning a descendant of Noah). There is no central Halakhic authority, instead it is used on it's own in Jewish communities. This is especially true since for a millennium the Jews had no country. Sharia and Canon law had the benefit of a country to unite the people and standardize the rules.
Finding facts about this governing system was really hard. There are so many rules that it is insane, so we posted a link that shows them. They have rules on how to eat meat, how to diet, how to have sex.... pretty much everything. Due to the difficulty we had researching this we may have to add more about it when we start our study on Judaism. So this is quite a bit shorter than the others.If anyone reads this and can find a link, or knows a Jew, that would be really helpful. If you have any info please comment or email us.
Here is a link, because they have tons of laws.
http://www.jewfaq.org/613.htm
Canon Law
Pope John Paul II said that canon law "is in no way intended as a substitute for faith, grace, charisms, and especially charity in the life of the Church and of the faithful. On the contrary, its purpose is rather to create such an order in the ecclesial society that, while assigning the primacy love, grace, and charisms, it at the same time renders their organic development easier in the life of both the ecclesial society and the individual persons who belong to it."
This is the body of laws that the catholic church follows. I find this law to be the worst of them, but that's mainly because when a priest commits a sexual crime they just shuttle them off to a new parish and forget about it. That is my own personal opinion about it, and it's probably just because it is so often in the media. Like Sharia, Canon law is not voluntary, all Catholics are subject to this system of laws.
Canon law began with rules known as "canons" adopted by the apostles at the council of Jerusalem in the first century. Since then it has developed into a highly complex legal system. Including not just the New Testament, but also elements of the Old Testament, Roman law, Visgothic ideals, Saxon, and Celtic legal traditions. In the early church the first canons where decreed by Bishops that had united in separate councils. Over time they became a united council and started meeting in Rome. Basically if people had problems with their laws the response was 'Rome has spoken so shove it'. Later the Canons where gathered into collections, some official (from Rome itself), and some unofficial (from different Diocese). The first truly systematic collection was assembled in the 11th century. By the 19th century this body of legislation included 10,000 different laws, which is difficult to follow due to constant changes in circumstances and in practice.
The problem with Canon law is that it is sometimes allowed to trump criminal laws in a lot of countries, ours being one of them. While everyone is pitching a hissy fit about Sharia, catholics who commit crimes are allowed to get off with almost no punishment. The courts of the Vatican have no DNA testing, no enforcement mechanisms, and no public hearings. The most severe punishment is excommunication, which really is not comparable to imprisonment or the death penalty. Those found guilty of child molestation have to undergo spiritual exercises, which really doesn't cut it at all in our opinion. Why our country continues to turn these people over to Canon law is a mystery to me.
Saints and Canon Law
The saints have to be canonized under this same set of laws. The catholic church investigates the persons life, then they send their information to a panel of theologians. If the panel approves then the pope proclaims that person venerable. Then comes beatification, for this it must be shown that the person has to have done a miracle, or been a martyr. After those (I really condensed these steps) steps, that person is then canonized and considered a saint.
On a side note
In Arizona there was actually a bill introduced to ban all of these laws, plus Karma law(how can you ban Karma?).
Here is the link, some of the comments are funny... http://gaveltogavel.us/site/2011/02/04/az-effort-to-ban-court-use-of-sharia-law-canon-law-halacha-and-karma-under-threat-of-impeachment-reintroduced/
To Sum it all up
Obviously Halakha law is nothing to be worried about, Sharia and Canon are the main concerns. The fact about Sharia law is that it is very misunderstood, and is frequently taken out of context and mixed with regional law. I don't understand why people are so concerned with Sharia, but we continue to turn disgusting child molesters over to the Vatican. We are so concerned with a problem that may exist in the future, that are ignoring the problem that is a reality in our present.
Really none of these systems should ever trump the law of the land, one of this great countries founding principles was separation of church and state. We were founded by people seeking religious freedom, not a purely Christian government. Pushing religion and politics together always creates an ugly mixture. You shouldn't base how you vote on a candidates religion, I don't even believe that they should be allowed to use it as a way to get people to vote for them. I personally don't want any politician using the God I believe in as a spring board for their campaign, because most politicians really aren't what I want people to think of my religion. If you believe in one all powerful God, then you also have to believe that he is stronger than any politician.
Some links
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/qasim-rashid/shariah-law-the-five-things-every-non-muslim_b_1068569.html
http://www.alislam.org/egazette/updates/demystifying-shariah/
These words seem to have become synonymous with evil in our society. What people don't understand is that other religions, and cultures on American soil sometimes have their own laws and courts. Oklahoma recently ran into some trouble by banning Sharia Law, what they didn't realize is that this new rule prevented sovereign Indian reservations from operating their system of law. What confuses me is why people are so fearful of Sharia Law, yet they know nothing of Canon Law or Halakha Law, if you are going to fear one, you should really fear all three.
Sharia Law is the system of law and punishment meant to govern the Islamic religion. It is not only for middle easterners, but also the many Muslims of other nationalities, including the many white American Muslims on our own soil. It has been mutilated and made into something sickening by regional laws, such as that of the Taliban, but the actual rules aren't any worse than something strait out of the Bible. Don't let the zealots from the middle east confuse you, the actual rules of Sharia are a lot like Mosaic law. In many Muslim countries, and here, Sharia is only for inter community disputes. In the Quran it says that there should always be a separation of church and state, and also no compulsion in religion (I have personally read the Quran, so don't tell to go read it).
The laws govern worship, contracts, morals, manners, beliefs, and punishments. A lot of Sharia Law is basically about the necessity of pilgrimage and prayer, it also goes in depth about inheritances and marital dowry's. Marriage is also a big section of Sharia, most of the rules are like that of the Bible, no adultery, no sex outside of marriage, you are supposed to marry someone of your own religion (these things are also stated in the New Testament of the Bible). A lot of it is just common sense, basically, have good morals, treat others right, and so on.
Sharia Law empathises cleanliness, you are supposed to be physically clean when you pray, so that you can become spiritually clean. This is also part of Mosaic law in the Old Testament. Fasting is covered in the laws, like during the month of Ramadan, you fast from food, drink, and sex from dawn till dusk. (Pregnant women, nursing women, prepubescent children, and sick people don't have to fast).
Polygamy is allowed if there is more women than men in the area who need to be supported, but one of the laws in the Quran is to follow the law of the land you live in, so this isn't allowed in many areas. Divorce is allowed under certain circumstances, as is remarriage.
One of the things that westerners fear about Sharia is the punishments. Sharia law is very strict, and many things are punishable by death under this set of laws, but if you read the Bible you will find that punishments are usually swift and severe under Mosaic and New Testament law. The death sentence is used, and works pretty well as a deterrent.
From a link In sharia, there are categories of offenses: those that are prescribed a specific punishment in the Quran, known as hadd punishments, those that fall under a judge's discretion, and those resolved through a tit-for-tat measure (ie., blood money paid to the family of a murder victim). There are five hadd crimes: unlawful sexual intercourse (sex outside of marriage and adultery), false accusation of unlawful sexual intercourse, wine drinking (sometimes extended to include all alcohol drinking), theft, and highway robbery. Punishments for hadd offenses--flogging, stoning, amputation, exile, or execution--get a significant amount of media attention when they occur. These sentences are not often prescribed, however. "In reality, most Muslim countries do not use traditional classical Islamic punishments," says Ali Mazrui of the Institute of Global Cultural Studies in a Voice of America interview. These punishments remain on the books in some countries but lesser penalties are often considered sufficient
http://www.cfr.org/religion/islam-governing-under-sharia/p8034
However honor killings are against the holy law of the Quran. Also laws for sexual indiscretion are the same for male and female. It is purely the regional acts of countries like Pakistan and Jordan that have so thoroughly terrified Americans.
I understand that people tend to twist things the way they want them to be, Muslims do it and so do we. I am not saying that I think Sharia law should be allowed to govern our country, a separation of church and state is a must have. I'm saying that you should do more actual research before you look at a girl with a scarf on her head and feel pity for her, she has chosen her own way, at least she has in this country, of course we should pray for women in other countries who aren't allowed to make these decisions. I just hope that people can come to understand that you shouldn't believe everything you are told, it is almost impossible to find an actual FACT on the internet, don't hate just because people tell you to.
Halakha Law (the path that one walks in Hebrew)
The Torah (and some Rabbinical laws, also laws from the Mishna and Talmud) is the basis for Halakha law, it is based on God's covenant law. Jewish citizens are only bound to Halakha law by their own consent, this differs from Cannon and Sharia law. Currently in Israel certain areas are under the authority of Rabbinic law which is much the same of Halakha law. In the U.S. it is sometimes used to cover inter community disputes. Here in Texas we don't hear much about this, Judaism doesn't seem to be very popular in south, so we had to do a lot of research, I couldn't seem to find a real Jew to ask about this stuff.
Another difference between these 3 systems are that Canon and Sharia are only for the followers of their religion. Halakha law is actually meant to be universal, or for everyone who survived the flood (meaning a descendant of Noah). There is no central Halakhic authority, instead it is used on it's own in Jewish communities. This is especially true since for a millennium the Jews had no country. Sharia and Canon law had the benefit of a country to unite the people and standardize the rules.
Finding facts about this governing system was really hard. There are so many rules that it is insane, so we posted a link that shows them. They have rules on how to eat meat, how to diet, how to have sex.... pretty much everything. Due to the difficulty we had researching this we may have to add more about it when we start our study on Judaism. So this is quite a bit shorter than the others.If anyone reads this and can find a link, or knows a Jew, that would be really helpful. If you have any info please comment or email us.
Here is a link, because they have tons of laws.
http://www.jewfaq.org/613.htm
Canon Law
Pope John Paul II said that canon law "is in no way intended as a substitute for faith, grace, charisms, and especially charity in the life of the Church and of the faithful. On the contrary, its purpose is rather to create such an order in the ecclesial society that, while assigning the primacy love, grace, and charisms, it at the same time renders their organic development easier in the life of both the ecclesial society and the individual persons who belong to it."
This is the body of laws that the catholic church follows. I find this law to be the worst of them, but that's mainly because when a priest commits a sexual crime they just shuttle them off to a new parish and forget about it. That is my own personal opinion about it, and it's probably just because it is so often in the media. Like Sharia, Canon law is not voluntary, all Catholics are subject to this system of laws.
Canon law began with rules known as "canons" adopted by the apostles at the council of Jerusalem in the first century. Since then it has developed into a highly complex legal system. Including not just the New Testament, but also elements of the Old Testament, Roman law, Visgothic ideals, Saxon, and Celtic legal traditions. In the early church the first canons where decreed by Bishops that had united in separate councils. Over time they became a united council and started meeting in Rome. Basically if people had problems with their laws the response was 'Rome has spoken so shove it'. Later the Canons where gathered into collections, some official (from Rome itself), and some unofficial (from different Diocese). The first truly systematic collection was assembled in the 11th century. By the 19th century this body of legislation included 10,000 different laws, which is difficult to follow due to constant changes in circumstances and in practice.
The problem with Canon law is that it is sometimes allowed to trump criminal laws in a lot of countries, ours being one of them. While everyone is pitching a hissy fit about Sharia, catholics who commit crimes are allowed to get off with almost no punishment. The courts of the Vatican have no DNA testing, no enforcement mechanisms, and no public hearings. The most severe punishment is excommunication, which really is not comparable to imprisonment or the death penalty. Those found guilty of child molestation have to undergo spiritual exercises, which really doesn't cut it at all in our opinion. Why our country continues to turn these people over to Canon law is a mystery to me.
Saints and Canon Law
The saints have to be canonized under this same set of laws. The catholic church investigates the persons life, then they send their information to a panel of theologians. If the panel approves then the pope proclaims that person venerable. Then comes beatification, for this it must be shown that the person has to have done a miracle, or been a martyr. After those (I really condensed these steps) steps, that person is then canonized and considered a saint.
On a side note
In Arizona there was actually a bill introduced to ban all of these laws, plus Karma law(how can you ban Karma?).
Here is the link, some of the comments are funny... http://gaveltogavel.us/site/2011/02/04/az-effort-to-ban-court-use-of-sharia-law-canon-law-halacha-and-karma-under-threat-of-impeachment-reintroduced/
To Sum it all up
Obviously Halakha law is nothing to be worried about, Sharia and Canon are the main concerns. The fact about Sharia law is that it is very misunderstood, and is frequently taken out of context and mixed with regional law. I don't understand why people are so concerned with Sharia, but we continue to turn disgusting child molesters over to the Vatican. We are so concerned with a problem that may exist in the future, that are ignoring the problem that is a reality in our present.
Really none of these systems should ever trump the law of the land, one of this great countries founding principles was separation of church and state. We were founded by people seeking religious freedom, not a purely Christian government. Pushing religion and politics together always creates an ugly mixture. You shouldn't base how you vote on a candidates religion, I don't even believe that they should be allowed to use it as a way to get people to vote for them. I personally don't want any politician using the God I believe in as a spring board for their campaign, because most politicians really aren't what I want people to think of my religion. If you believe in one all powerful God, then you also have to believe that he is stronger than any politician.
Some links
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/qasim-rashid/shariah-law-the-five-things-every-non-muslim_b_1068569.html
http://www.alislam.org/egazette/updates/demystifying-shariah/
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